Leiomioma de mão / Leiomyoma of hand

The aim of this report was to present the case of a leiomyoma with a rare anatomical location and an unusual age of disease onset. The patient was a 17-year-old girl who developed a leiomyoma of the hand. Leiomyoma is a benign smooth musc1e tumor that most frequently occurs in the uterine cavity. When it occurs in the extremities, it is most common in the legs, feet, and ankles. Leiomyoma usually develops between the third and fourth decades of life and is rarely identified before surgical resection. Thus, a histological examination is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.

O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso de uma jovem de 17 anos que desenvolveu leiomiomana mão esquerda: raro sítio anatômico de localização e idade incomuns de desenvolvimento da doença. O leiomioma é um tumor benigno de músculo liso, raro e incomum na mão, apresentando-se com maior frequência na parede da cavidade uterina. Quando de ocorrência em extremidades é mais comum na região das pernas, dos pés e dos tornozelos. Em geral se desenvolve entre a terceira e a quarta décadas de vida e raramente é identificado antes da ressecção cirúrgica. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário, para a confirmação do diagnóstico, um exame histológico.

Effects of pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide and helium on renal function and morphology in rats

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide and helium on renal function and morphology in a rat model. METHODS: Twenty four rats were randomized into three groups (n=8): gasless insufflation ('open', Pressure=0 mmHg), carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum at 12 mmHg, and helium pneumoperitoneum at 12 mmHg; all lasting 90 minutes.. A cystostomy was performed and the bladder was emptied. At the end of the experiment, the urine produced, a blood sample and the left kidney of each animal were collected. The following variables were obtained: serum sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine, urine volume and creatinine. The creatinine clearance was estimated for each animal. The kidneys were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and evaluated by a pathologist blinded to the groups. RESULTS: The CO2 and Helium groups did not differ in the variables evaluated. Both developed oliguria (p<0.001 vs. gasless). The CO2 group presented hyperkalemia compared to gasless (p=0.05), which did not attain significance in the helium group. Histopathological analysis revealed mild hydropic degeneration and congestion in the three groups, with no significant difference among them. CONCLUSIONS: The type of gas resulted in no difference in the variables of renal function and morphology assessed. The increase in serum potassium was only observed with CO2 insufflation suggests a combined effect of elevated intra-abdominal pressure and metabolic effects of pneumoperitoneum.

A new proposal for laparoscopic left colectomy in a rat model

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a new technique for laparoscopic segmental colectomy and primary anastomosis in the left colon of rats. METHODS: Thirty rats were randomly assigned to three groups of ten animals each. All animals underwent segmental resection of the left colon and end-to-end anastomosis. In Group I, the animals underwent laparoscopic surgery with carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum at a pressure of 5 mmHg. In Group II, the animals underwent pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide at a pressure of 12 mmHg. In Group III, the control group, the animals underwent open surgery. All animals were reopened on the 7th postoperative day and were evaluated for peritonitis, abscesses, anastomotic dehiscence and bowel obstruction, and the anastomosis bursting pressure was measured. RESULTS: No obstructions, peritonitis or abscesses were found in any of the animals. An animal in Group I exhibited a blocked anastomosis leakage. The average anastomosis bursting pressure in the 30 animals was 187.02 ± 68.35 mmHg. There was no significant difference in the anastomosis bursting pressure among the groups (p = 0.503) CONCLUSION: The laparoscopic experimental model was feasible and safe for segmental colectomy and anastomosis of the left colon in rats.